CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS | TYPES OF BUILDINGS | LCETED

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS

According to National Building Code, buildings are classified based on occupancy and type of construction.

 

Occupancy Classification

Under occupancy classification, buildings are grouped under the categories mentioned below.

 

1. Residential Buildings

These include any building in which sleeping accommodation is provided for normal residential purposes, with or without cooling or dining or both facilities (e.g., houses, lodges, dormitories, apartment houses (flats), hotels, etc.).

 

2. Educational Buildings

These include any building used for school, college or day-care purposes involving assembly for instruction, education or recreation.

 

3. Institutional Buildings

These include any building which is used for purposes such as medical or other treatment, care of persons suffering from physical or mental illness, etc. (e.g., hospitals and sanitorium, custodial institutions, penal and mental institutions, etc.).

 

4. Assembly Buildings

These include any building where a group of people congregate or gather for amusement, recreation, social, religious, patriotic, civil, travel, etc. (e.g., theatres, motion picture houses, auditoria, museums, etc.).

5. Business Buildings

These include any building which is used for the transaction of business (other than mercantile buildings discussed below) for the keeping of accounts and records, professional establishments, service facilities, etc. (e.g., town halls, courts, libraries, etc.).

 

6. Mercantile Buildings

These include any building which is used as shops, stores or market, for display and sale of merchandise (either wholesale or retail). Storage and service facilities incidental to the sale of merchandise and located in the same buildings shall be included under this group.

 

7. Industrial Buildings

These include any building in which products of materials of all kinds and properties are fabricated, assembled, manufactured or processed. (e.g., assembly plants, power and gas plants, refineries, diaries, sawmills, etc.).

 

8. Storage Buildings

These include any building used primarily for the storage or sheltering of goods, wares or merchandise, vehicles or animals, etc. (e.g., warehouses, cold storages, garages, hangers, grain elevators, etc.).

 

9. Hazardous Buildings

These include any building which is used for the storage, handling, manufacturing or processing of highly combustible or explosive materials or products which are liable to burn with extreme rapidity; manufacturing or processing toxic alkalis, acids or chemicals producing flame, irritant or corrosive gases, etc.

 

Types of Construction Based on Fire-Resistance

Under this classification, buildings are classified into four categories are based on the fire resistance offered by a building as Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4.

Type 1: That provides 4 hours of fire resistance.

Type 2: That provides 3 hours of fire resistance.

Type 3: That provides 2 hours of fire resistance.

Type 4: That provides 1-hour of fire resistance.

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